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Thrombosis & Coagulation Disorders

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Thrombosis & Coagulation Disorders

Thrombosis and coagulation disorders occur when the blood’s clotting system does not function properly, leading to excessive bleeding or abnormal clot formation. These conditions include hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease, deep vein thrombosis, and other clotting factor deficiencies, which may cause serious health complications if not treated on time.

Symptoms may include:

  • Frequent or unexplained bleeding (nosebleeds, gums, heavy periods)
  • Excessive bleeding after injury or surgery
  • Unexplained bruising
  • Swelling or pain in legs (possible blood clot)
  • Shortness of breath or chest pain (clot-related)

Causes may include:

  • Inherited clotting disorders (Hemophilia, Von Willebrand disease)
  • Deficiency of clotting factors
  • Genetic mutations causing abnormal clotting (e.g., Factor V Leiden)
  • Long periods of immobility or major surgery
  • Underlying conditions such as cancer or liver disease

Treatments

Treatment depends on the specific disorder and severity, and may include:

  • Clotting factor replacement therapy for hemophilia and similar conditions
  • Medications to prevent or dissolve blood clots (anticoagulants or thrombolytics)
  • Desmopressin (DDAVP) for certain bleeding disorders
  • Lifestyle modifications to reduce risk of thrombosis
  • Bone marrow or stem cell transplant in rare, severe cases

Prevention

While genetic conditions cannot be prevented, the risk of complications can be reduced by:

  • Regular monitoring for patients with clotting disorders
  • Staying physically active to improve blood circulation
  • Avoiding long periods of immobility during travel or recovery
  • Following prescribed anticoagulant therapy carefully
  • Maintaining a healthy lifestyle to reduce risk factors